Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. During this celebration, some mothers burn the placenta to symbolize the physical separation of mother and child. It is one of the reasons why people do not go for antenatal in this community (Elderly woman, FGD). The transcripts were imported into NVivo 11 for windows for analysis. Socio-cultural beliefs and practices dur . https://doi.org/10.1080/27707571.2022.2046908, http://www.statisticshowto.com/maximum-variation-sampling/, http://www.unicef.org/publications/files/APR, https://www.who.int/malaria/areas/preventive_therapies/pregnancy/en/, Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing & Allied Health. Socio-cultural practices generally have been reported to affect child survival (Adatara et al., Citation2019; Wright et al., Citation2014). No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). She felt uncomfortable having men except her partner in the room during delivery and recovery. The below is designed to give an overview of what to expect, what you need to do, as well as hopefully provide a rough idea of overall expected costs. A participant shared her experience with the quote: When I gave birth, my baby was not well but we managed the condition at home I was afraid sending the baby to the hospital would expose her to witches in the community (Woman with child under five). Required documents will depend on your resident status, but typically you will need to submit the following documents. All participants signed an informed consent form before participation. These herbs make the birth process go smooth without complication. For me I have a small baby so I protect myself using the injectable so that I dont get pregnant (Woman with children under five, FGD). Nowadays, however, mothers usually choose to stay indoors for just the first month. The companies charge around 500 on top of the metered charge for the service. These codes were turned unto nodes within the software. Beyond that, medical institutions are chosen based on word-of-mouth, reputation, proximity to home, and so on. All pregnant women are required to pick up a kraampakket that includes all of the medical supplies needed for a home birth. With the aid of NVivo 11, the data was analysed thematically. So, my mother advised me to give him water and he stopped. Like any country, expecting mothers should have hospital bag prepared as their due date approaches. Purposive sampling was employed in selecting participants for this study. Objective: To examine women's embodied knowledge of pregnancy and birth, women's explanations of precautions during pregnancy and birth and preparations for easy birth and the role of a traditional midwife in a Thai birthing care. Youll need to find a clinic (more on the medical institutions below) and make your first appointment. Usually that is an option, particularly at anacademic medical center. As for okro, it will make the baby have diarrhoea (Woman with under- five child, FGD). Reservation enquiries need to be made even in the case where youre going for regular check-ups to the same hospital or clinic where you want to deliver (and thus the doctors and nurses are fully aware of your expected delivery date). During this period, the baby is not allowed to either be seen or touched by people who are outside the nuclear family. National Library of Medicine Of these, half gave birth within the past three years. The following quotes illustrate some participants view about this: When you give birth to the baby and the eyes and palms are yellow, it is normal because of the change in the environment of baby. The minimum regardless of income is 5,000, and the maximums are as follows: The income limits depend on the number of dependents and are shown on the Cabinet Offices child benefit page, but as at the end of 2018 the income limit for the householder with a spouse and two children, for example, was 9.6 million. (Citation2012) have also summarised the process of thematic analysis as consisting of reading through textual data, identifying themes in the data, coding those themes, and then interpreting the structure and content of the themes. You should then apply for a Birth Notification Certificate of Acceptance (, shusshtodoke-juri-shmeisho) at the local city office which, because a Family Register is not created for foreign nationals, is often used as an official Birth Certificate. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Other practices that place mothers at risk of disability or death include applying fundal pressure to hasten the labour process, forced vomiting to initiate the placenta expulsion, use of herbal concoctions for treating maternal complications and childbirth in an isolated or unsanitary environment (Fofie & Baffoe, Citation2010; Maimbolwa et al., Citation2003). Data collected in local language was first translated into English by two people; the interviewer and another person and the translation were compared for consistency. Published By: Midwifery Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? Other prevalent beliefs and practices across Asian countries included massage, the state of pollution after childbirth, the use of traditional healers and traditional medicine and herbs, beliefs relating to hot/cold imbalance, behavioral taboos, magic, and superstition. 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. Additionally, men and women, as patients and doctors, tend to have different communication styles. These conditions become fatal during the first week of life and require prompt attention. Cultural beliefs can influence women's use of formal maternal health care services. Publication Link:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266613817302012?via%3Dihub#! Families here still practice a folkloric custom where a spoon, knife and fork are placed under three different chairs, and the mom-to-be chooses one to sit on. Of the 830 daily maternal deaths, 550 occurred in sub-Saharan Africa and 180 in Southern Asia, compared to 5 in developed countries (WHO, Citation2016). Queries were also run in NVivo to quantify some of the qualitative data and the results exported and added to the qualitative data in the results. Equally, hospitals which dont actively promote their ability to provide services in English may nevertheless have doctors and nurses with good language skills. However, neonates with these conditions may not have access to good medical care because of the mandatory confinement as a way of protecting the baby against evil eyes. Pregnancy care providers see a lot of cultural diversity every day. To support families with the cost of raising a child, child benefit is provided to all families. And because the new mothers body is considered vulnerable, she has to wrap her belly in a cloth girdle or sash called a faja, and keep her head and neck covered as well. Despite investments in interventions to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, progress has been slow, especially in developing countries. Some of the foods mentioned were included ripped plantain, okra and oranges. It is for that reason that a participant indicated the choice for people to utilise the TBA outlets. I have natural way of protecting myself or I use some herbs we have the community. While taxis are everywhere in Tokyo, you dont want to be frantically running up and down the road in the middle of the night trying to hail one while your partner is back home in pain. A study conducted in Zambia found out that women intentionally delayed the initiation of Ante Natal Care (ANC) to avoid making several visits to the healthcare facility and to reduce the overall costs of patronising the facilities (Menon et al., Citation2010). Womens maternal health choices during pregnancy and delivery directly influence maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality (Evans, Citation2013). It is because of this that some women prefer to come to our facility (TBA, IDI). There are places in Tokyo that have English-speaking staff, but many of these are located in Minato Wardunsurprising given that a disproportionate number of foreigners live here. The Japanese believe that babies who cry loud and often are healthier and will grow much faster. Their hosts also rub flour on babys eyebrows and hairline to give him a long life. A pilot study was conducted in the Greater Accra region. Participants in this study were of the view that engaging in sex during pregnancy was essential in ensuring smooth delivery and highly recommended for women. There is therefore the need for healthcare providers to highlight these socio-cultural practices during health education and also design interventions targeted at reaching those who may be confined at home. While its not feasible for a doctor to be fully immersed in every culture represented by his or her patients, it is our duty to have a basic understanding of patients needs and communicate with them effectively and in a way that makes them feel comfortable. Design: In-depth interviews relating to traditional and changed beliefs and practices of pregnancy and childbirth with Thai women in Northern Thailand. Further, hospitals and clinics in Japan offer different levels of service, from the hotel-like treatment with your own separate room at the private hospitals to a more standard level of care elsewhere. Its also the day when moms take their first post-birth bath. During bathing of the baby, the head is massaged and molded. Invariably, the health care that a mother receives during pregnancy, at the time of delivery, and soon after delivery is important for the survival and well-being of both the mother and her child. This needs to be written by the referring doctor and will cost about 3,000. The authors wish to thank all study participants for their time. In the pregnancy category, the majority of the studies focused on dietary recommendations and behavioral taboos. Participants mentioned some local herbs that are either ingested or used as enema in preparation towards childbirth. Search Conditions & Treatments and transmitted securely. Cultural beliefs regarding the process of childbirth may prescribe different types of diet at various stages across the postpartum period. That also means most women wont even consider an epidural, even if their doctor recommends it. Analyses of data occurred concurrently with data collection with the hope of ending the study at the point of saturation, where new data collected no longer brought additional insights. I tried to practice exclusive breastfeeding but at a point in time the weather was too hot and as adult we sweat and feel thirty. All interested researchers/readers/persons who meet the criteria for access to confidential data can access the data set from the corresponding author via this email address: easampong@ug.edu.gh. Some patients request a male or female doctor due to cultural or personal preferences. The beliefs and practices during puerperium were further divided into those that are related to care of the baby and those related to the mother. These herbs are used at places where there is less expertise in managing antepartum and postpartum haemorrhage. A disproportionate number of studies on this topic come from South Asia and China. The primary causes of maternal death are haemorrhage, hypertension, infections, and indirect causes, mostly due to interaction between pre-existing medical conditions and pregnancy. The topic guides were initially designed in English and translated to the local language using a back-to-back strategy. We recommend the safest, most effective treatments based on medical knowledge. Private hospitals and clinics are essentially the same thing (the distinction is one of size in terms of number of beds). It looks like you're using an ad blocker. Thus, during economic downturns, being pregnant can essentially save your job. Hence, there is a need for health care managers to facilitate collaborative practices between the skilled birth attendants and traditional birth attendants. This is crucial if Ghana is to achieve universal health coverage and access to essential perinatal care as envisioned in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Eating soup with nails of pig: thematic synthesis of the qualitative literature on cultural practices and beliefs influencing perinatal nutrition in low and middle income countries. A woman's cultural background can affect her needs and expectations during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as how she and her family raise children. This practice needs to be given much attention as majority of the practices that predispose babies to severe morbidities and even mortalities are still occurring (Lawn et al., Citation2014). Cultural competence goes far beyond the Golden Rule treat people as you would prefer to be treated.